аDoctor Boris Dobroborski

The chief of a department of firm " Sensor "

Doctor ┼lena Kadiskin

The senior lecturer of the St.-Petersburg medical academy by him I.I.Mechnicov

 

Objective quantitative estimation of ergonomic parameters of technical products with the help of the specialized computer program " Loqus 2003.1"

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The specialized computer program " Loqus 2003.1", developed by firm " Sensor " (Russia, St.-Petersburg) in 2003, for the first time makes an objective quantitative estimation of ergonomic parameters of technical products by accounts ergoemcost *, structural analysis of distribution ergoemcost ** and definition specific ergoemcost *** of various technical products.а

 

The computer program " Loqus 2003.1" is developed on the basis of the long-term scientific researches which have been originally carried out by firm " Loqus " (Russia) together with the St.-Petersburg medical academy by him I.I.Machnikov, and then association " Ecost " (Israel, Jerusalem).

 

By the mentioned above researches was established, that criterion of an objective quantitative estimation of influence on organism of the man of various loadings is not the size of functional shifts, and time of their restoration caused by these loadings (time of rest).

 

The application of this criterion simultaneously has supplied also decision of a problem of a commensurability various on a nature of ergonomic parameters, and also commensurability among themselves of various functional shifts, both physical, and psychological.

 

However task the exact measurement of time of restoration of functional shifts suffices was by enough difficult problem for the following reasons:

 

The process of restoration of functional shifts looks like exhibitors, which general view is submitted in a fig. 1 (curve 1).

 

As it is visible from a fig. 1, the steepness of change of size of functional shift on time decreases, aspiring to zero in this connection precisely to measure the moment of end of restoration of functional shifts practically it is impossible.

 

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Fig. 1. Law of restoration functional

shifts from time during rest.

аааааааааааааааа аааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа1 - Curve of restoration of functional shifts at absence of random factors;

аааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа 2 Ц Zone of disorder of meanings of functional shifts at presence of random factors.

 

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At significant change of researched physiological parameter, for example at change of frequency of intimate reductions from a reference value 60 reductions/minuteа up to 130 reductions/minute under influence of loading, during rest, after removal of loading, at first process of restoration of functional shift really occurs on exhibitor to the law.аааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа

 

However, coming nearer to the reference value appropriate condition of rest, the meaning of this parameter in the increasing degree is exposed to influence of other parameters and loadings having casual character, therefore it can not coincide with a reference value, forming a zone of disorder 2, shown on a fig. 1.ааааааааа

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This problem was decided by the analysis of laws of a biological nature of process of restoration of functional shifts, in particular of principles of a continuity and monotony.

 

The results of this analysis have allowed to develop mathematical methods ensuring with enough by high accuracy the objective quantitative characteristic of this process, unequivocally dependent from actually time of restoration of functional shifts.

 

On the basis of these mathematical methods, in view of a commensurability among themselves of various functional shifts, special computer program " Loqus 2003.1" also was developed.аааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа

 

The computer program " Loqus 2003.1" contains two independent from each other programs:ааааааа

 

1. Program " The Protocol of researches ";ааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа

2. Program " Psychological researches ".ааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа

 

In the program " The Protocol of researches ", being basic, all accounts and mathematical analysisа of ergoemcost researched technical products will be carried out.а

 

The program " Psychological researches " is additional and can be used at definition of size of psychological loadings.аааааа

 

It contains till four variants electronic psychological tables such as "Attention" and "Stability" and program " the Protocol of psychological researches ", with which help the accountsа of each kind ï psychologicalа researches are made, which results then are entered in the program " The Protocol of researches ".ааааа

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The essence of a technique of definition of parameters ergoemcost and specific ergoemcost consists in the following:

 

1. Determine the list of six physiological parameters subject to measurements during researches;

2. Measure meanings of physiological parameters till item 1 prior to the beginning work.

3. Measure meanings of functional shifts of physiological parameters at once after a closing -up, during rest, and then periodically, through the certain period ofа

ааа time.

4. Calculate ergoemcost of each of six physiological parameters;

5. Calculate percentage distribution of ergoemcostes ;

6. Calculate specific ergoemcost.

 

аThis technique is completely realized in the program " The Protocol of researches "

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For realization of this technique the program " the Protocol of researches " provides performance of the following operations:а

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Stage 1. Researches before work.ааааааааааа

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1. Temporary record of the names anyone of six physiological parameters with any units of measurements, subjects to researches;

2. Temporary record of the measured reference values of physiological parameters prior to the beginning work. As the measurements can have this or thatаа

ааа error, the program stipulates account them average of meanings in case of recurrence of these measurements (up to five).а

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Stage 2. Researches after work (during rest).

 

1. Input of meanings of the periods of measurements of physiological parameters;

2. Temporary record of the measured meanings of functional shifts through the established periods from a beginning of rest (up to 15 periods);

3. Accounts ergoemcost of each of six functional shifts;

4. Account of percentage distribution of the meanings,а received till item 3, ergoemcost;

5. Input of an operating time;

6. Account specific ergoemcost.аа

 

At realization of psychological researches with use of the program. " Psychological researches " the received results are entered in the program " The Protocol of researches ". Thus all accounts in the program " The Protocol of researches " will be carried out not so for six physiological parameters, and for eight.

 

Practical use of the computer program " Loqus 2003.1" has shown its high efficiency, and not it is so much in a question of a quantitative estimation of influence on organism of the man of various loadings, how many in definition of ergonomic parameters of researched technical products influencing him heaviest.

аIt has allowed to define most effectual measures on improvement of ergonomic parameters of technical products.

 

The basic results of the carried out researches are published on a site www.interlibrary.narod.ru , section Ergonomic.

 

а*аааааа Ergoemcost - ergonomic parameter describing time of restoration of functional shifts;

а**аааа Structural analysis of ergoemcost distributionа - percentage distribution of meanings calculated of ergoemcostes ;а

а***аа Specific ergoemcost - meaning of ergoemcost, depending on time of influence of loading.

 

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